法律英语精要
法律英语是一门专业性很强的语言，它融合了英语语言的特点与法律的专业术语，涵盖了各个领域，包括合同法、刑法、民事法等。下面将介绍一些法律英语的基本要点和常用术语。
1. 合同法 Terms in Contract Law:
Offer (提议)
: An expression of willingness to enter into a contract on specific terms.
Acceptance (接受)
: Unconditional agreement to the terms of an offer.
Consideration (对价)
: Something of value exchanged for something else of value.
Breach of Contract (违约)
: Failure to fulfill the terms of a contract without a legal excuse. 2. 刑法 Terms in Criminal Law:
Felony (重罪)
: A serious crime usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year.
Misdemeanor (轻罪)
: A less serious crime usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than one year.
Homicide (杀人罪)
: The killing of one human being by another.
Mens Rea (有意行为)
: The mental state or intention necessary to commit a crime. 3. 民事法 Terms in Civil Law:
Tort (侵权行为)
: A civil wrong that causes harm, for which the law provides a remedy.
Negligence (疏忽)
: Failure to exercise the care that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in similar circumstances.
Damages (赔偿)
: Monetary compensation awarded to a party who has suffered loss or injury. 4. 法庭程序 Court Proceedings:
Trial (审判)
: A formal examination of evidence before a judge and typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a case of criminal or civil proceedings.
Evidence (证据)
: Information presented in testimony or documents that is used to persuade the factfinder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
Verdict (裁决)
: The decision of a jury or judge in a trial. 5. 法律文书 Legal Documents:
Contract (合同)
: A legally binding agreement between two or more parties.
Deed (契约)
: A legal document that transfers the ownership of real property from one party to another.
Will (遗嘱)
: A legal document that expresses a person's wishes as to how their property is to be distributed after death. 6. 专业术语 Legal Terminology:
Jurisdiction (管辖权)
: The authority of a court to hear and decide cases within an area of law or a geographic territory.
Liable (有责任)
: Legally responsible or obligated.
Injunction (禁令)
: A court order requiring a person to do or refrain from doing a specific act. 7. 国际法 International Law:
Treaty (条约)
: A formal and binding agreement between states or international organizations.
Diplomatic Immunity (外交豁免)
: Legal protection and immunity granted to diplomats and certain other individuals as a matter of international law.
Human Rights (人权)
: Fundamental rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled, often codified in international treaties and conventions.法律英语的学习需要对法律体系有基本的了解，同时需要掌握大量的专业术语和表达方式。熟悉这些术语和表达能力不仅有助于理解法律文件和案件，也有助于与法律专业人士进行交流和沟通。
